مجله علوم پزشکی صدرا
سال یازدهم شماره 1 (زمستان 1401)

Speech rate is one of the clarity and fluency aspects of speech. It can affect   depressed patients’ clarity, fluency, and public communication due to impaired executive and cognitive functions.  Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of inducing negative emotional experiences on speech rate in people with depressive disorder.

For this purpose, 150 Shiraz University students who were selected by convenience sampling method answered Beck Depression Inventory. Then, based on the cut of point and the clinical interview, 60 people were selected and placed in two depressed and non-depressed groups. Participants watched a text without emotional content in the first stage and a piece of film with negative emotional content in the second stage and then retold whatever came to their mind. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed using an independent sample t-test.

Findings showed that the speech rate scores in depressed people were significantly lower than non-depressed people (P<0.001); moreover, the scores of this group in the context of negative emotion induction were significantly lower than normal conditions (P<0.001).

Based on the results, the speech rate of the depressed group is different from the non-depressed people in normal conditions; furthermore, it was found that the context in which the person is placed can affect the speech rate. It was identified in depressed people with emotional reactions when responding to environmental stimuli.

research considers hollow marriages in which men and women live coldly together and try to continue it despite the damage caused to the family members. With this introduction, the current research seeks to understand how men face this phenomenon and their strategies to solve it.

The current research is qualitative. Eighteen men experiencing emotional divorce were selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured and exploratory interviews. Sampling continued until data saturation. Data was first recorded and coded and then analyzed using the thematic analysis method.

Four main coping strategy themes were obtained. 1- Adaptive coping with themes of self-corrective action directed at oneself and spouse 2- Incompatible coping with themes of non-compromising decision-making and hiding action 3- Avoidant coping with themes of avoidant action, self-forgetfulness and focusing on children and being immersed in work and 4- Intervention coping with the themes of raising problems with others and going to a therapist.

The results show that men used coping strategies in different dimensions. The results of this research can help couples increase constructive strategies to get out of this situation and ultimately prevent divorce.

Long-term treatments and high levels of tension in cancer have a long-term negative effect on the patients’ mental health and cause psychological problems such as increased worry, despair, and negative emotions. In this regard, the present research was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of group social work intervention in reducing worry and frustration and moderating cancer patients’ negative emotions.

This research was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test study with a control group, and 30 patients with cancer at Birjand, Iran, were randomly selected and assigned to two experimental (n=15) and control groups (n=15) using convenience sampling. In this procedure, the experimental group received group social work intervention training during eight sessions, but the control group did not receive any training. The data collection instruments were Watson, Clark, and Telgen’s (1988) positive and negative affect scale and Beck et al.’s (1985) frustration scale. Univariate and multivariate analyses of covariance were used to analyze the data.

The results of data analysis showed that the observed difference between the mean scores of frustration and negative emotions of the participants of the experimental-control groups according to the group membership in the post-test phase was significant with 95% confidence (P<0.05) and the effect of group social work intervention was 0.29 and 0.50 for the frustration and negative emotions, respectively

Group social work intervention should be used to reduce the psychological problems of patients with cancer.

The present study was conducted to present a model for reducing behavioral emotions through the mindset of Social Security employees.

it is applied and developmental research in nature. The research method is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). This research used a non-random and snowball sampling method to collect the opinions of 30 participants (university professors and staff of the Social Security Organization) within three phases. The statistical population included all managers and employees of the Social Security Organization, which was about 420 people, of whom 200 people were selected as the sample size according to the Krejcie and Morgan Table. Also, the Fuzzy Delphi method was used to identify the components, and confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine the effect of the identified variables.

The results identified 76 themes and factors. Twelve sub-indices for behavioral emotions were classified in the form of variables, including descriptive observation, conscious deed, acceptance without judgment, and lack of reaction. Another 12 sub-indices for mindfulness were classified in the form of variables, including anger, anxiety, stress, fear, and sadness.  

Considering high occupational tension and the Social Security Organization workplace, it is possible to reduce behavioral emotions by providing a calm and stress-free workplace for the staff.

The path of the center of pressure while walking reflects the general mechanics of the body. Also, the electrical stimulation system triggers movement units, including the lower limbs. The present study investigated the effect of the electrical stimulation system on gait and balance patterns in young athletes.

This research is applied and semi-experimental. In this study, 15 male athletes were selected by convenience sampling. The present study was performed in February 1400 at Shahriar Health Club. Participants were asked to walk at a self-selected speed. In the middle of the walking path, a foot-scanning device was placed, which recorded information about the path of the center of pressure, the relative duration of the stance phases, and the forward angle in both positions with and without the muscle stimulation vest. After checking the normality of the data using the Shapiro-Wilk test, paired sample t-test was used to analyze the data.

The results showed that the electrical muscle stimulation system had a favorable effect on the gait pattern of athletes compared to those without a vest. Electrical stimulation led to a slight increase in pressure center oscillations and improved displacement of pressure fluctuations (p=0.001) in the vest mode, which showed the effectiveness of this method.

The results of the present study showed that strengthening the muscles of the lower extremities by the electrical muscle stimulation system had favorable effects on athletes' gait pattern and foot pressure fluctuations.

The risk factors of fatigue while carrying bags with different weights in students are unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of fatigue due to carrying backpacks with different weights on the kinetic parameters of gait in students.

This study was quasi-experimental research. The statistical population of this study consisted of healthy male students. To investigate the effects of fatigue due to backpack carriage, backpacks with7.5, 10, 12.5%​​, and 15% body weight were used before and after fatigue. The fatigue protocol consisted of 10-minute walking and carrying a backpack with 10 percent of body weight. Kistler force plates were used to measure the ground reaction forces. For statistical analysis, paired sample t-test was used through SPSS v. 20.

Fatigue in the healthy group increased propulsive force (10 and 12.5% BW), braking force, vertical force of the first peak of Fz1, whereas it decreased Fz2 valley force (with 7.5 and 10 BW) (P≤0/05). The carrying load increased the second peak of Fz3 in most levels after fatigue (P≤0/05). In addition, the carrying load increased the valley (Fz2) by a 15% level compared to other levels after fatigue (P≤0.05).

Muscle fatigue caused by carrying a backpack changes the reaction forces of the ground, so it is considered an important risk factor for secondary effects such as abnormalities or injuries in the lower extremities. Therefore, students, parents, and primary school teachers are advised to pay special attention to the weight of the backpack.

The health system implements national and regional reforms by developing new policies or reforming the previous policies to respond to the changing needs of society, increasing efficiency, effectiveness, and quality and creating justice. The present study aimed to develop a policy model for producing applied knowledge in health management.

This study was conducted using a qualitative grounded theory method. The qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with 15 purposively selected health crisis management specialists and policymaking, public management, innovation management, and industrial management experts in the fall of 2021. The data were analyzed through MAXQDA software.

The most important policymaking indicator was evaluating indigenous knowledge production policies for health crisis management. Training cultural factors in the indigenization of other countries' experiences was the most important indicator in policy education, and missing links in the Ministry of Health were identified as the outcomes of inattention to biological crises. Therefore, the identified indicators can be considered the structural factors of indigenous knowledge production policies for health crisis management.

Following the findings from the qualitative case study, the final model was developed using a set of variables, including the content of indigenous knowledge policy, the process of policies for the production of applied knowledge for health management, the training of policies for the production of applied knowledge for health management, and the structural factors of the policies for the production of applied knowledge for health management.

Calculating the prime cost of student education is one of the requirements for achieving the goals of the country's development programs in terms of improving the efficiency of universities. It is also one of the most important goals of the transformation and innovation program in medical education. This study aimed to calculate the prime cost of education for students of the School of Health at Bam University of Medical Sciences using activity-based costing method.

The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional and retrospective study. The required data were collected through designed forms. Then, the service prime cost was calculated using the activity-based costing method and Excel 2016 software.

The results showed that the total cost of Bam School of Health was 31016503943 Rials. Of this amount, the environmental health group has the highest (22.53%), and the health services management group has the lowest (9.34%) costs among the existing educational groups. Also, among the cost chapters, the largest share is related to the expenses of the first chapter, salaries and wages.

In this study, a cost analysis was performed by cost chapters.  This approach in cost analysis helps planners to estimate a fixed cost enabling them to determine a fixed level of benefit and creating the lowest possible cost. It will help universities to be more accurate and efficient in using the resources available to them.